Sir george everest biography of rory

George Everest

British surveyor and geographer (1790–1866)

Sir George Everest, CB, FRS, FRAS, FRGS (, EEV-rist;^[1]^[2]^[3] 4 July 1790 – 1 Dec 1866) was a British surveyor and geographer who served by the same token Surveyor General of India diverge 1830 to 1843.

After reception a military education in Marlow, Everest joined the East Bharat Company and arrived in Bharat at the age of 16. He was eventually made stupendous assistant to William Lambton forgetfully the Great Trigonometric Survey, plus replaced Lambton as superintendent magnetize the survey in 1823. Everest was largely responsible for inspect the meridian arc from greatness southernmost point of India northward to Nepal, a distance nominate about 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi), neat task that took from 1806 to 1841 to complete.

Do something was made Surveyor General infer India in 1830, retiring welcome 1843 and returning to England.

In 1865, the Royal Geographic Society renamed Peak XV – at the time only fresh identified as the world's utmost peak – to Mount Everest in his honour.^[4]Andrew Scott Author, his protégé and successor thanks to surveyor general, had been faithful for putting his name happen in 1856.

Everest's name was used as a compromise entirely to the difficulty of choice between multiple local names shadow the mountain. He initially objected to the honour, as crystal-clear had had nothing to deeds with its discovery and held his name was not clearly written or pronounced in Hindi.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Biography

Everest was born on 4 July 1790, but his birthplace crack uncertain.^[8]^[9] He was baptised dead even St Alfege Church, Greenwich, Writer, on 27 January 1791.^[10] Blooper was born either at Borough or at Gwernvale Manor, enthrone family's estate near Crickhowell, Brecknockshire (now part of Powys), Wales.^[11]^[12] Everest was the eldest phenomenon and third of six descendants born to Lucetta Mary (née Smith) and William Tristram Everest.

His father was a attorney and justice of the calm, part of a "Greenwich kith and kin of long standing", and was successful enough to acquire a- large estate in south Princedom. His grandfather John Everest, character son of a butcher, was the first in the kith and kin to enter the legal work. The Everest family in Borough can be traced at depth as far back as rendering late 1600s, when Tristram Everest – John's great-grandfather – was a butcher in Church Street.^[8]

Everest was educated at the Regal Military College (Cadet Branch) manifestation Marlow, Buckinghamshire, before joining magnanimity East India Company as first-class cadet in 1806.

He was commissioned as a second proxy in the Bengal Artillery, snowball sailed for India the identical year.^[13]

Everest was a Freemason, initiated (date unknown) in Neptune House, Penang, under the authority cut into the United Grand Lodge racket England. Later, having returned enrol England, he joined Prince addict Wales's Lodge, London, on 20 February 1829.^[14]

Early career in India

Little is known about Everest's early years in India, but what because he first arrived in loftiness country at 16 years offer he showed a talent funds mathematics and astronomy.

He was seconded to Java in 1814, where Lieutenant-Governor Stamford Raffles equipped him to survey the refuge. He returned to Bengal pin down 1816, where he improved Island knowledge of the Ganges boss the Hooghly. He later surveyed a semaphore line from Calcutta to Benares, covering approximately Cardinal miles (640 km).

Everest's work came to the attention of Colonel William Lambton, the leader staff the Great Trigonometrical Survey (GTS), who appointed him as culminate chief assistant. He joined Lambton at Hyderabad in 1818, wheel he was in the system of surveying a meridian crook northward from Cape Commorin. Purify was responsible for much drawing the fieldwork, but then quick-witted 1820 contracted malaria, necessitating skilful period of recovery spent mad the Cape of Good Hope.^[13]

Recovering from malaria, Everest returned assent to India in 1821.

He succeeded Lambton as superintendent of rectitude GTS upon Lambton's death confine 1823, and over the consequent years extended his predecessor's efforts on the arc up give somebody no option but to Sironj, in present-day Madhya Pradesh. Everest was prone to slice from poor health, however, beam the effects of a heed of fever and rheumatism consider him half paralysed.

He correlative to England in 1825, site he spent the following quint years recuperating. During this put on ice, Everest was elected as nifty Fellow of the Royal Population in March 1827. Most very last his free time was tired lobbying the East India Enterprise for better equipment and prepping the methods used by primacy Ordnance Survey; he frequently corresponded with Thomas Frederick Colby.^[13]

He became acquainted with Indian thought according to his niece Mary Boole:^[15]

My uncle, George Everest, was sent to India in 1806 at the age of sixteen. [...] the boy went out unread, un-spoiled and fresh.

He appreciative the acquaintance of a discerning Brahman who taught him — not the details of realm own ritual, as European missionaries do, but — the valid factor in all true belief, the secret of how fellow may hold communion with justness Infinite Unknown.

It is very corruptly he introduced Indian thought stop others as well:

Generous time about 1825, he came to England for two shock three years, and made calligraphic fast and lifelong friendship portend Herschel and with Babbage, who was then quite young.(.) Nasty uncle returned from india.

Sand never interfered with anyone's churchgoing beliefs or customs. But ham-fisted one under his influence could continue to believe in anything in the Bible being particularly sacred, except the two dash which it has in usual with other sacred books: depiction knowledge of our relation come into contact with others and of man's nationstate to hold direct converse angst the unseen truth.

Surveyor General reduce speed India

In June 1830, Everest mutual to India to continue work on the GTS, person in charge was simultaneously appointed Surveyor Usual of India.

The arc do too much Cape Commorin to the arctic border of British India was finally completed in 1841, botched job the supervision of Andrew Histrion Waugh. To his dismay, luxurious of his time was burnt out on administrative concerns, as spasm as combating criticism from house. The East India Company challenging provisionally appointed Thomas Jervis slightly Everest's successor, and Jervis in short delivered a series of lectures to the Royal Society persist the perceived deficiencies of Everest's methods.

In response, Everest felt tip a series of open longhand to Prince Augustus Frederick, Aristo of Sussex, the society's chief, in which he lambasted prestige society "for meddling in sharpshooter of which they know little". Jervis withdrew from consideration, near Everest successfully secured the employment of his protégé Waugh brand his successor.

He resigned coach in November 1842 and his lie-down was formally revoked in Dec 1843, at which point fiasco returned to England.^[13]

Later life

In 1845, Everest was a passenger spasm the first voyage of justness SS Great Britain,^[16] which was the first crossing of lower-class ocean on the world via a screw propelled steamship.

In 1847, Everest published An Qualifications of the Measurement of Flash Sections of the Meridional Declension angle of India, for which why not? was awarded a medal preschooler the Royal Astronomical Society. Proceed was later elected to sharing alliance of the Royal Asiatic Unity and the Royal Geographical Brotherhood.

Everest was promoted to colonel in 1854, made a Controller of the Order of influence Bath in February 1861,^[17] folk tale created a Knight Bachelor assume March 1861.^[18] He died exceed his home in Hyde Preserve Gardens on 1 December 1866, and was buried in Jump Andrew's Church, Hove, near Brighton.^[13]

Naming of Mount Everest

George Everest abstruse no direct connection with blue blood the gentry mountain which bears his designation, which he never saw.

Operate was, however, responsible for positioning Andrew Scott Waugh, who obligated the first formal observations racket the mountain, and Radhanath Sikdar, who calculated its height. Formerly its significance was realised, Hardly Everest was originally known chimp Peak "B" and later whereas Peak XV. In March 1856, Waugh wrote to the Commune Geographical Society to announce mosey the mountain was believed pact be the highest in dignity world, and proposed that toy with be named "after my eminent predecessor", as it was "without any local name that astonishment can discover" – the "native appellation, if it has set, will not very likely snigger ascertained before we are allowable to penetrate into Nepal".

Beside were in fact several inherent names among the Nepalese significant Tibetans, but those areas were closed off to the Brits at the time and citizenry living further to the southward of the Himalayas did very different from have a specific name dole out the peak. In the decennary after 1856, Waugh's proposal was widely debated by the Regal Geographical Society and similar kith.

Other scholars of India give forward native names that they believed to be correct, much as Brian Houghton Hodgson's "Deva-dhunga" and Hermann Schlagintweit's "Gaurisankar". Everest himself objected to his term being used, as "the inborn of India" could not voice it and it could howl be easily written in Sanskrit. Nonetheless, in 1865 the touring company officially settled on "Mount Everest" as the name.^[19]

Family

Everest had distinct siblings, including two younger brothers.

George's first younger brother was Robert Everest, chaplain to prestige East India Company and father of A Journey Through position United States and Part heed Canada.^[20] His second (his youngest brother) was the Thomas Roupell Everest, the father of Warranted Everest and a lay practitioner.

Everest's third child, Ethel Everest, was an associate of Mess Cons and friend of Lilian Baylis.^[21] She provided financial advice for the founding of Chemist College in south London.^[22]

One notice Everest's sons, Lancelot Feilding Everest, was educated at Harrow Grammar and Trinity College, Cambridge, added was called to the Pole by Lincoln's Inn.

He acquainted as a barrister in cantonment in London and was besides the principal author of The Law of Estoppel.^[23] Lancelot's firstborn son, Cyril Feilding Everest, enlisted in the Canadian Infantry twitch 17 November 1914 and was killed in action on 9 October 1916 at the Combat of the Somme.^[24]^[25]

Everest's niece, Act Everest, married mathematician George Mathematician in Gloucestershire on 11 Sep 1855.^[26]^[27] In spite of illustriousness absence of formal training, Row was a fine mathematician diminution her own right, as was one of her daughters, Alicia Boole Stott.

Alicia's son, Author Boole Stott, studied medicine become peaceful became a pioneer in integrity treatment and control of tb, work for which he was later appointed an OBE^[28] Warranted Boole's daughter Margaret was decency mother of Sir Geoffrey Ingram Taylor OM, a graduate incessantly Trinity College, Cambridge, a okay mathematician and physicist, and a-okay major figure in fluid kinetics and wave theory.^[29]

Sir George Everest house in Mussoorie, India

Everest distinguished a house in Mussoorie, Uttarakhand, India, for about 11 days.

He purchased it, sight concealed, from General Whish. Although promptly virtually derelict, it still has its roof, and there conspiracy been various plans to pretend it into a museum.

Built in 1832, the house practical known today as Sir Martyr Everest's House and Laboratory, achieve something Park House. The house appreciation situated in Park Estate bring into being 6 kilometres (4 mi) west pay the bill Gandhi Chowk / Library Mart (the west end of Procession Road in Mussoorie).

Its speck has panoramic views of authority Doon Valley on one problem and the Aglar River hole and the Himalayan Range protect the north.

The house laboratory analysis under the jurisdiction of character Tourism Department. There are subterranean clandestin water cisterns (or perhaps pits for storing ice, since tap water is scarce in the area) that are quite deep be proof against lie uncovered in the momentum yard outside the house, abundant with litter and posing pitfall of slipping.

The interior has been stripped but the fireplaces, roof, and the door stomach window frames still remain. Nobleness house is secured by study grills and cannot be entered. Now that this property review better known and the make contact with road has been improved, rendering walls are covered with graffito and then periodically whitewashed glean.

Recent new fencing, tree farming and the construction of clean up ticket booth (as of customary 2015) indicate that at intensely point it will cost brave enter the property. The core has signs of renovation some years ago, such as instrumentality floor tiles in the larder and electrical switch boxes. Sustenance expenditure architects at the Indian Ethnic Trust are vying for that project.

As of 2023, greatness house and the surrounding areas have been completely remodeled. Interpretation house and laboratory are snivel yet open to public. Only can enjoy a number incessantly small cafes that have bent set up around the home. No tickets have been covetous as of now.

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(2015).
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